<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN-TOP: 0cm; MARGIN-LEFT: 0cm; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0cm" align="center" 2.0? mso-char-indent-count: 150%; LINE-HEIGHT: 21pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt; 0cm="0cm" 0cm?><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><font size="4"><strong></strong></font></span> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN-TOP: 0cm; MARGIN-LEFT: 0cm; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0cm" align="center" 2.0? mso-char-indent-count: 150%; LINE-HEIGHT: 21pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt; 0cm="0cm" 0cm?><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><font size="4"><strong>红十字标志</strong></font></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN-TOP: 0cm; MARGIN-LEFT: 0cm; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0cm" 2.0? mso-char-indent-count: 150%; LINE-HEIGHT: 21pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt; 0cm="0cm" 0cm?><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><font size="3"></font></span> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN-TOP: 0cm; MARGIN-LEFT: 0cm; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0cm" 2.0? mso-char-indent-count: 150%; LINE-HEIGHT: 21pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt; 0cm="0cm" 0cm?><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><font size="3"> 红十字标志,是红十字会开展人道主义活动的标志,是红十字运动的象征,体现着当今世界的人道与同情。它的存在和正确使用,对于执行人道主义保护任务起着至关重要的作用。目前,被国际人道法认可的标志有:</font></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN-TOP: 0cm; MARGIN-LEFT: 0cm; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0cm" 2.0? mso-char-indent-count: 150%; LINE-HEIGHT: 21pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt; 0cm="0cm" 0cm?><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"></span><font size="3"> </font></p>
<p align="center"><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><span lang="EN-US"><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-comfficeffice" /><o:p><font size="3"><img height="365" src="http://www.jxredcross.org.cn/chs/inf/UploadFiles_1867/200801/20080107115357297.gif" width="400" border="0"/></font></o:p></span></span></p>
<p align="left"><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><span lang="EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></span><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><span lang="EN-US"><o:p><font size="3"></font></o:p></span></span> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN-TOP: 0cm; MARGIN-LEFT: 0cm; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0cm" 2.0? mso-char-indent-count: 150%; LINE-HEIGHT: TEXT-INDENT: 0pt; 0cm="0cm" 0cm? 21.1pt;><b><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><font size="3"> 一、标志的含义<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></font></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN-TOP: 0cm; MARGIN-LEFT: 0cm; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0cm" 2.0? mso-char-indent-count: 150%; LINE-HEIGHT: 21pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt; 0cm="0cm" 0cm?><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><font size="3"></font></span> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN-TOP: 0cm; MARGIN-LEFT: 0cm; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0cm" 2.0? mso-char-indent-count: 150%; LINE-HEIGHT: 21pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt; 0cm="0cm" 0cm?><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><font size="3"> 红十字标志主要有下列含义:<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></font></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN-TOP: 0cm; MARGIN-LEFT: 0cm; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0cm" 2.0? mso-char-indent-count: 150%; LINE-HEIGHT: 21pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt; 0cm="0cm" 0cm?><font size="3"><span lang="EN-US" style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"></span></font> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN-TOP: 0cm; MARGIN-LEFT: 0cm; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0cm" 2.0? mso-char-indent-count: 150%; LINE-HEIGHT: 21pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt; 0cm="0cm" 0cm?><font size="3"><span lang="EN-US" style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"> ——</span><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">表明这是与红十字运动有关的人或物(标明性)。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN-TOP: 0cm; MARGIN-LEFT: 0cm; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0cm" align="left" 2.0? mso-char-indent-count: 150%; LINE-HEIGHT: 21pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt; 0cm="0cm" 0cm? left; TEXT-ALIGN:><font size="3"><span lang="EN-US" style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"></span></font> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN-TOP: 0cm; MARGIN-LEFT: 0cm; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0cm" align="left" 2.0? mso-char-indent-count: 150%; LINE-HEIGHT: 21pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt; 0cm="0cm" 0cm? left; TEXT-ALIGN:><font size="3"><span lang="EN-US" style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"> ——</span><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">表明这是一个受到国际人道法保护的人或物,不应受到攻击的人或物(保护性)。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN-TOP: 0cm; MARGIN-LEFT: 0cm; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0cm" 2.0? mso-char-indent-count: 150%; LINE-HEIGHT: 21pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt; 0cm="0cm" 0cm?><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><font size="3"></font></span> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN-TOP: 0cm; MARGIN-LEFT: 0cm; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0cm" 2.0? mso-char-indent-count: 150%; LINE-HEIGHT: 21pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt; 0cm="0cm" 0cm?><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><font size="3"> 带有这一标志的人和物,在法律上既享有权利,同时也承担有义务。权利是受到一系列法律的保护,义务是遵守该标志对他们行为所做的种种限制,避免主动参与任何敌对行为。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></font></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN-TOP: 0cm; MARGIN-LEFT: 0cm; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0cm" 2.0? mso-char-indent-count: 150%; LINE-HEIGHT: 21pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt; 0cm="0cm" 0cm?><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><font size="3"></font></span> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN-TOP: 0cm; MARGIN-LEFT: 0cm; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0cm" 2.0? mso-char-indent-count: 150%; LINE-HEIGHT: 21pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt; 0cm="0cm" 0cm?><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><font size="3"> 红十字标志在法律上的这种双重含义,决定了本标志的神圣性。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></font></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN-TOP: 0cm; MARGIN-LEFT: 0cm; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0cm" 2.0? mso-char-indent-count: 150%; LINE-HEIGHT: 21pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt; 0cm="0cm" 0cm?><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><font size="3"></font></span> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN-TOP: 0cm; MARGIN-LEFT: 0cm; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0cm" 2.0? mso-char-indent-count: 150%; LINE-HEIGHT: 21pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt; 0cm="0cm" 0cm?><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><font size="3"> 红十字标志设计的图案和色彩既简单又鲜明,意在给人一个非常清晰的视觉符号,以便在紧急情况下能将上述信息迅速传达出去,并被迅速理解,不致发生歧义。因为它主要是在武装冲突的情况下发挥作用。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></font></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN-TOP: 0cm; MARGIN-LEFT: 0cm; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0cm" 2.0? mso-char-indent-count: 150%; LINE-HEIGHT: 21pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt; 0cm="0cm" 0cm?><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><font size="3"></font></span> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN-TOP: 0cm; MARGIN-LEFT: 0cm; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0cm" 2.0? mso-char-indent-count: 150%; LINE-HEIGHT: 21pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt; 0cm="0cm" 0cm?><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><font size="3"> 红十字标志除它自身的含义外,并不传达任何其他信息,更不传达任何含有政治意识形态和宗教特征的信息。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></font></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN-TOP: 0cm; MARGIN-LEFT: 0cm; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0cm" 2.0? mso-char-indent-count: 150%; LINE-HEIGHT: 21pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt; 0cm="0cm" 0cm?><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><font size="3"></font></span> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN-TOP: 0cm; MARGIN-LEFT: 0cm; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0cm" 2.0? mso-char-indent-count: 150%; LINE-HEIGHT: 21pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt; 0cm="0cm" 0cm?><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><font size="3"> 在国际组织中,红十字会与红新月会国际联合会是惟一可以同时使用两种标志(红十字与红新月)的组织。应说明的是两种标志同时使用时不具有保护作用,只有标明作用。</font></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN-TOP: 0cm; MARGIN-LEFT: 0cm; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0cm" 2.0? mso-char-indent-count: 150%; LINE-HEIGHT: 21pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt; 0cm="0cm" 0cm?><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"></span><font size="3"> </font></p>
<p align="center"><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><span lang="EN-US"><o:p><font size="3"><img height="220" src="http://www.jxredcross.org.cn/chs/inf/UploadFiles_1867/200801/20080107120127850.gif" width="420" border="0"/></font></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN-TOP: 0cm; MARGIN-LEFT: 0cm; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0cm" 2.0? mso-char-indent-count: 150%; LINE-HEIGHT: TEXT-INDENT: 0pt; 0cm="0cm" 0cm? 21.1pt;><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><font size="3"></font></span></b> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN-TOP: 0cm; MARGIN-LEFT: 0cm; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0cm" 2.0? mso-char-indent-count: 150%; LINE-HEIGHT: TEXT-INDENT: 0pt; 0cm="0cm" 0cm? 21.1pt;><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><font size="3"> 二、标志的使用<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></font></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN-TOP: 0cm; MARGIN-LEFT: 0cm; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0cm" 2.0? mso-char-indent-count: 150%; LINE-HEIGHT: 21pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt; 0cm="0cm" 0cm?><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><font size="3"></font></span> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN-TOP: 0cm; MARGIN-LEFT: 0cm; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0cm" 2.0? mso-char-indent-count: 150%; LINE-HEIGHT: 21pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt; 0cm="0cm" 0cm?><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><font size="3"> 根据<span lang="EN-US">1949</span>年的日内瓦公约(第一公约)和<span lang="EN-US">1977</span>年的附加议定书(第一议定书)的规定,标志的具体使用办法如下:<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></font></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN-TOP: 0cm; MARGIN-LEFT: 0cm; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0cm" 2.0? mso-char-indent-count: 150%; LINE-HEIGHT: 21pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt; 0cm="0cm" 0cm?><font size="3"><span lang="EN-US" style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"></span></font> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN-TOP: 0cm; MARGIN-LEFT: 0cm; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0cm" 2.0? mso-char-indent-count: 150%; LINE-HEIGHT: 21pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt; 0cm="0cm" 0cm?><font size="3"><span lang="EN-US" style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"> 1</span><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">、保护性使用<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN-TOP: 0cm; MARGIN-LEFT: 0cm; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0cm" 2.0? mso-char-indent-count: 150%; LINE-HEIGHT: 21pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt; 0cm="0cm" 0cm?><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><font size="3"> 作为保护性标志,它在战时是代表日内瓦公约的符号,是根据日内瓦公约规定向人和物(医务人员、医务部门、车辆和设备)提供保护的象征。其使用权基本上属于各缔约国及其军队的医务部门,以及向军队医务部门提供帮助并得到正式承认的救助机构,特别是各国红十字会或红新月会都可以使用这一保护性标志。但只能在战时使用,而且必须根据军方的指示来进行标示。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></font></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN-TOP: 0cm; MARGIN-LEFT: 0cm; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0cm" 2.0? mso-char-indent-count: 150%; LINE-HEIGHT: 21pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt; 0cm="0cm" 0cm?><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><font size="3"></font></span> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN-TOP: 0cm; MARGIN-LEFT: 0cm; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0cm" 2.0? mso-char-indent-count: 150%; LINE-HEIGHT: 21pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt; 0cm="0cm" 0cm?><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><font size="3"> 红十字国际组织,即红十字国际委员会、红十字会与红新月会国际联合会及所属人员,无论他们是不是医务人员,在任何情况下都有权使用这一标志。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></font></span></p>
<p class="MsoBodyTextIndent" style="MARGIN-TOP: 0cm; MARGIN-LEFT: 0cm; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0cm" 2.0? mso-char-indent-count: 150%; LINE-HEIGHT: 0pt; 0cm="0cm" 0cm?><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体"><font size="3"></font></span> </p>
<p class="MsoBodyTextIndent" style="MARGIN-TOP: 0cm; MARGIN-LEFT: 0cm; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0cm" 2.0? mso-char-indent-count: 150%; LINE-HEIGHT: 0pt; 0cm="0cm" 0cm?><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体"><font size="3"> 在用作保护性标志时,它在所标示的建筑物或车辆上的尺寸要相对大一些,以便从远处就能看见。医务人员必须穿着印有这一标志的长罩衫或佩戴印有这一标志的袖章。<span lang="EN-US">1980</span>年<span lang="EN-US">9</span>月,伊朗伊斯兰共和国宣布它的军队医务部门废止红狮日标志,改用红新月标志。</font></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN-TOP: 0cm; MARGIN-LEFT: 0cm; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0cm" 2.0? mso-char-indent-count: 150%; LINE-HEIGHT: 21pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt; 0cm="0cm" 0cm?><font size="3"><span lang="EN-US" style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"></span></font> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN-TOP: 0cm; MARGIN-LEFT: 0cm; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0cm" 2.0? mso-char-indent-count: 150%; LINE-HEIGHT: 21pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt; 0cm="0cm" 0cm?><font size="3"><span lang="EN-US" style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"> 2</span><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">、标明性使用<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN-TOP: 0cm; MARGIN-LEFT: 0cm; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0cm" 2.0? mso-char-indent-count: 150%; LINE-HEIGHT: 21pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt; 0cm="0cm" 0cm?><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><font size="3"></font></span> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN-TOP: 0cm; MARGIN-LEFT: 0cm; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0cm" 2.0? mso-char-indent-count: 150%; LINE-HEIGHT: 21pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt; 0cm="0cm" 0cm?><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><font size="3"> 作为标明性标志,它仅仅表明带有这一标志的人或物同红十字会或红新月会有一定联系,但不一定受日内瓦公约的保护。因此,其尺寸也相对小一些,在使用时,要在一定程度上避免与保护性标志混淆。不过,大尺寸的标志也不是一概不能使用,例如,进行救灾活动时,为了使急救人员让人明显地识别出来,就可以使用较大尺寸的标志。</font></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN-TOP: 0cm; MARGIN-LEFT: 0cm; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0cm" 2.0? mso-char-indent-count: 150%; LINE-HEIGHT: 21pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt; 0cm="0cm" 0cm?><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"></span><font size="3"> </font></p>
<p align="center"><font size="3"><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><span lang="EN-US"><o:p><img height="455" src="http://www.jxredcross.org.cn/chs/inf/UploadFiles_1867/200801/20080107120239885.jpg" width="368" border="0"/></o:p></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN-TOP: 0cm; MARGIN-LEFT: 0cm; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0cm" align="center" 2.0? mso-char-indent-count: 150%; LINE-HEIGHT: 21pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt; 0cm="0cm" 0cm? TEXT-ALIGN: center;> </p>
[此贴子已经被作者于2008-7-17 17:14:23编辑过]
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